CPANの初期設定
CentOS4.2では/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.5/CPANにConfig.pmがある。
# This is CPAN.pm's systemwide configuration file. This file provides # defaults for users, and the values can be changed in a per-user # configuration file. The user-config file is being looked for as # ~/.cpan/CPAN/MyConfig.pm. $CPAN::Config = { 'build_cache' => q[10], 'build_dir' => q[/root/.cpan/build], 'cache_metadata' => q[1], 'cpan_home' => q[/root/.cpan], 'dontload_hash' => { }, 'ftp' => q[/usr/kerberos/bin/ftp], 'ftp_proxy' => q[], 'getcwd' => q[cwd], 'gpg' => q[/usr/bin/gpg], 'gzip' => q[/bin/gzip], 'histfile' => q[/root/.cpan/histfile], 'histsize' => q[100], 'http_proxy' => q[], 'inactivity_timeout' => q[0], 'index_expire' => q[1], 'inhibit_startup_message' => q[0], 'keep_source_where' => q[/root/.cpan/sources], 'links' => q[], 'make' => q[/usr/bin/make], 'make_arg' => q[], 'make_install_arg' => q[UNINST=1], 'makepl_arg' => q[], 'ncftp' => q[], 'ncftpget' => q[], 'no_proxy' => q[], 'pager' => q[/usr/bin/less], 'prerequisites_policy' => q[ask], 'scan_cache' => q[atstart], 'shell' => q[/bin/bash], 'tar' => q[/bin/tar], 'term_is_latin' => q[0], 'unzip' => q[/usr/bin/unzip], 'urllist' => [q[ftp://ftp.ring.gr.jp/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/]], 'wget' => q[/usr/bin/wget], }; 1; __END__
重要なのは
- 'make_install_arg' => q[UNINST=1],
- 'urllist' => [q[ftp://ftp.ring.gr.jp/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/]],
UNINST=1で同じモジュールをインストールしたとき、古いものが削除される。
ftpミラーはダウンしているところもあるので、その場合は変更。
ホームディレクトリ~/.cpan/CPAN/にMyConfig.pmを作成し、記述した場合は、そちらが優先される。
モジュールのインストール
$ cpan cpan> install Unicode::Japanese
ImageMagickはエラーでインストールできない。
cpan> install Image::Magick
よってyumを使う。
# yum install ImageMagick-perl ImageMagick-perl i386 6.0.7.1-14 base 79 k ImageMagick i386 6.0.7.1-14 base 2.4 M
CPAN
# cpan /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8/CPAN/Config.pm initialized. CPAN is the world-wide archive of perl resources. It consists of about 100 sites that all replicate the same contents all around the globe. Many countries have at least one CPAN site already. The resources found on CPAN are easily accessible with the CPAN.pm module. If you want to use CPAN.pm, you have to configure it properly. If you do not want to enter a dialog now, you can answer 'no' to this question and I'll try to autoconfigure. (Note: you can revisit this dialog anytime later by typing 'o conf init' at the cpan prompt.) Are you ready for manual configuration? [yes] The following questions are intended to help you with the configuration. The CPAN module needs a directory of its own to cache important index files and maybe keep a temporary mirror of CPAN files. This may be a site-wide directory or a personal directory. First of all, I'd like to create this directory. Where? CPAN build and cache directory? [/root/.cpan] If you want, I can keep the source files after a build in the cpan home directory. If you choose so then future builds will take the files from there. If you don't want to keep them, answer 0 to the next question. How big should the disk cache be for keeping the build directories with all the intermediate files? Cache size for build directory (in MB)? [10] By default, each time the CPAN module is started, cache scanning is performed to keep the cache size in sync. To prevent from this, disable the cache scanning with 'never'. Perform cache scanning (atstart or never)? [atstart] To considerably speed up the initial CPAN shell startup, it is possible to use Storable to create a cache of metadata. If Storable is not available, the normal index mechanism will be used. Cache metadata (yes/no)? [yes] The next option deals with the charset your terminal supports. In general CPAN is English speaking territory, thus the charset does not matter much, but some of the aliens out there who upload their software to CPAN bear names that are outside the ASCII range. If your terminal supports UTF-8, you say no to the next question, if it supports ISO-8859-1 (also known as LATIN1) then you say yes, and if it supports neither nor, your answer does not matter, you will not be able to read the names of some authors anyway. If you answer no, names will be output in UTF-8. Your terminal expects ISO-8859-1 (yes/no)? [yes] If you have one of the readline packages (Term::ReadLine::Perl, Term::ReadLine::Gnu, possibly others) installed, the interactive CPAN shell will have history support. The next two questions deal with the filename of the history file and with its size. If you do not want to set this variable, please hit SPACE RETURN to the following question. File to save your history? [/root/.cpan/histfile] Number of lines to save? [100] The CPAN module can detect when a module that which you are trying to build depends on prerequisites. If this happens, it can build the prerequisites for you automatically ('follow'), ask you for confirmation ('ask'), or just ignore them ('ignore'). Please set your policy to one of the three values. Policy on building prerequisites (follow, ask or ignore)? [ask] The CPAN module will need a few external programs to work properly. Please correct me, if I guess the wrong path for a program. Don't panic if you do not have some of them, just press ENTER for those. To disable the use of a download program, you can type a space followed by ENTER. Where is your gzip program? [/bin/gzip] Where is your tar program? [/bin/tar] Where is your unzip program? [/usr/bin/unzip] Where is your make program? [/usr/bin/make] Warning: links not found in PATH Where is your links program? [] Where is your wget program? [/usr/bin/wget] Warning: ncftpget not found in PATH Where is your ncftpget program? [] Warning: ncftp not found in PATH Where is your ncftp program? [] Where is your ftp program? [/usr/kerberos/bin/ftp] Where is your gpg program? [/usr/bin/gpg] What is your favorite pager program? [/usr/bin/less] What is your favorite shell? [/bin/bash] Every Makefile.PL is run by perl in a separate process. Likewise we run 'make' and 'make install' in processes. If you have any parameters (e.g. PREFIX, LIB, UNINST or the like) you want to pass to the calls, please specify them here. If you don't understand this question, just press ENTER. Parameters for the 'perl Makefile.PL' command? Typical frequently used settings: PREFIX=~/perl non-root users (please see manual for more hints) Your choice: [] Parameters for the 'make' command? Typical frequently used setting: -j3 dual processor system Your choice: [] Parameters for the 'make install' command? Typical frequently used setting: UNINST=1 to always uninstall potentially conflicting files Your choice: [] UNINST=1 Sometimes you may wish to leave the processes run by CPAN alone without caring about them. As sometimes the Makefile.PL contains question you're expected to answer, you can set a timer that will kill a 'perl Makefile.PL' process after the specified time in seconds. If you set this value to 0, these processes will wait forever. This is the default and recommended setting. Timeout for inactivity during Makefile.PL? [0] If you're accessing the net via proxies, you can specify them in the CPAN configuration or via environment variables. The variable in the $CPAN::Config takes precedence. Your ftp_proxy? Your http_proxy? Your no_proxy? You have no /root/.cpan/sources/MIRRORED.BY I'm trying to fetch one CPAN: LWP::UserAgent loaded ok Fetching with LWP: ftp://ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN/MIRRORED.BY Fetching with LWP: ftp://ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN/MIRRORED.BY.gz Fetching with Net::FTP: ftp://ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN/MIRRORED.BY Can't locate object method "new" via package "Net::FTP" at /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8/CPAN.pm line 2250.
初期設定のやり直し
ホームにある.cpanを削除
cd rm -rf .cpan
Config.pmを削除、もしくは改名する
/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8/CPAN/Config.pm
その後、cpanを実行
cpan
上記以外では
#すべての場合 cpan> o conf init
#特定の項目の場合 #o conf 項目 値 cpan> o conf shell /bin/bash